Neuropsychological performance and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder subtypes and symptom dimensions.
نویسندگان
چکیده
OBJECTIVE Characterization of clinical heterogeneity in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remains controversial. Neuropsychological and cognitive studies provide one type of validation data, but too often have considered only a narrow range of functional domains. METHOD The current study examined ADHD subtype and presentation differences across a broad range of neurocognitive domains in a large clinically characterized, community-recruited sample of 498 youth (213 control, 107 ADHD-primarily inattentive [ADHD-PI], 137 ADHD-combined [ADHD-C]), ages 6-17 years. Domains assessed included inhibition, working memory, arousal, processing speed, response variability, and temporal information processing. RESULTS Youth with ADHD-C performed worse than youth with ADHD-PI in all domains, consistent with a severity model. Performance among a subgroup with a "restrictive inattentive" presentation indicated potential deficits in processing speed relative to other ADHD-PI youth, but no other effects. When all measures were included in the same model, cognitive control (executive functions, working memory, and memory span), arousal, and response variability each provided uniquely incremental statistical prediction of specific symptom dimensions and of subtype/presentation, but temporal information processing and processing speed did not. CONCLUSION Results suggest the potential to consolidate multiple neurocognitive theories of ADHD, and that such consolidation will apply across putative clinical subtypes or presentations.
منابع مشابه
The Effect of Neuropsychological Rehabilitation on Visual Memory Performance and Social Adjustment in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Background and Objectives: One of the most common disorders in most societies is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neuropsychological rehabilitation on visual memory performance and social adjustment in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre...
متن کاملThe Effectiveness of Cognitive Rehabilitation based on Computer Games on Symptom Severity of Children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders.The destructive effects of this disorder in most aspects of the life of children, especially in educational and studying fields, have required early and definitive treatment of this disorder.In recent years, various treatments have been proposed to control this disorder.The purpose of this study was ...
متن کاملمقایسه ادراک زمان در زیرنوع‌های اختلال کم‌توجهی- بیش‌فعالی
Background: Time Perception is an important performance that facilitates ability to anticipate future and efficiency of respond to happening events. The aim of this study is to compare the features of time perception in three subtypes of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Method: The study was descriptive and causal-comparative. The study population includes all primary school ...
متن کاملComparing psychiatric co morbidity in female and male primary school children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Arak, Iran
Introduction: The aim of this study was comparison of prevalence of three subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and combined type in female and male primary school children in Arak. Methods: This cross– sectional study was carried on 2000 (960 girls and 1040 boys) students of primary schools, in Arak in 1388-1389 academic years. Intelligence Raven scale, and Canner,...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- Neuropsychology
دوره 27 1 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2013